Pentadeca Arginate

Areas of active research — not promised effects

Each tag links to other compounds with research into that goal. Research use only: these are areas of study, not human-use claims.

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PDA is not an FDA-approved drug and is not independently classified in FDA guidance. Its regulatory treatment follows that of BPC-157, which was removed from the FDA Section 503A Category 2 bulk drug substances list (substances that may present significant safety risks for compounding) effective approximately April 22, 2026. This removal lifted the explicit compounding prohibition but does not constitute approval or authorization for human use. A PCAC review is scheduled for July 23–24, 2026 (docket FDA-2025-N-6895) to consider BPC-157 (free base and acetate forms specifically) for potential placement on the Category 1 permissible compounding list. PDA as an arginate salt formulation is not separately nominated or listed; whether it would be covered under a future BPC-157 compounding authorization is unresolved pending FDA rulemaking. Until the PCAC process concludes, the practical legal pathway for compounded PDA remains unsettled.

Transparent blend · bci-1.0 · never paid-placement

Primary name

Pentadeca Arginate

Origin

Pentadeca Arginate (PDA) shares the identical 15-amino-acid sequence of the gastric pentadecapeptide BPC-157 (derived from a partial region of the endogenous gastric Body Protection Compound) but is formulated as an L-arginine salt rather than the conventional acetate salt. The arginate counterion is proposed by patent holders and vendors to confer improved gastric acid stability relative to the acetate form, potentially supporting oral delivery routes. PDA has no independent CAS number or PubChem entry validated in public registries as of 2026; its chemical identity is defined by vendor/manufacturer specifications. No peer-reviewed study has examined PDA as a distinct molecule; all published preclinical and clinical evidence relates to the parent BPC-157 compound.

Appearance

White to off-white lyophilized powder (vendor-described; no peer-reviewed characterization)

Solubility

Expected soluble in water based on the parent BPC-157 sequence; the arginate sal…

Sequence not available in current seed.

Stability: Vendor and patent sources claim superior gastric acid stability relative to BPC-157 acetate (reportedly >95% structural integrity after 5 hours at simulated gas

Vial sizes

5 mg · 10 mg

Purity grades

≥98% (HPLC)

Salt forms

Free base (primary)

• GHS hazard class on file
• PPE & spill response
• Disposal guidance
• Not-for-human-consumption posture

How much research exists, and of what maturity — never a verdict on whether it works.

Mechanism of action

• Based on evidence from the parent BPC-157 compound, the pentadecapeptide sequence is proposed to upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and activate downstream Akt–eNOS signaling, thereby promoting endothelial cell nitric oxide production and angiogenesis in injured tissue (Brcic et al., PMID 20388964)
• Preclinical cell culture and animal studies demonstrate that the peptide engages the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)–paxillin pathway, driving dose-dependent fibroblast and endothelial cell migration essential for wound closure and tendon remodeling (Chang et al., PMID 21030672)
• A 2025 mechanistic commentary further characterizes context-dependent nitric oxide modulation: the peptide sequence appears to reduce cytotoxic free radical formation while preserving or restoring the vasodilatory and cytoprotective functions of physiological NO signaling (Sikiric et al., PMID 41155565)
• Whether the arginine counterion in PDA contributes additional NO precursor substrate effects in vivo has not been investigated in any published study

Pharmacokinetics (ADME)

Half-life

Not characterized for PDA. For BPC-157 (parent compound): approximately 5–15 minutes IV in rodent and canine models; subcutaneous half-life not formally reported.

Clearance

Not characterized for PDA. BPC-157 is assumed to undergo rapid proteolysis to constituent amino acids; route of elimination is not fully described in published literature.

PK–PD note: No pharmacokinetic data exist for pentadeca arginate specifically. Vendor and patent sources claim the arginate salt improves gastric stability (reportedly retaining structural integrity in simulated …

Reading the evidence

• Evidence quality and gaps vary by application — see the cited grades above.
• Indexed-article counts span all evidence tiers, not only completed human trials.
• No first-party human-dosing, efficacy, or benefit claims are made here.

Key reviews & evidence-gap sources

• Józwiak M, Bauer M, Kamysz W, Kleczkowska P. Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide—Literature and Patent Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025;18(2):185. doi:10.3390/ph18020185 — 2025 literature & patent review; notes BPC-157 not approved by FDA/other authorities due to absence of sufficient comprehensive clinical studies confirming health benefits in humans.
• McGuire FP, Martinez R, Lenz A, Skinner L, Cushman DM. Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2025;18(12):611-619. doi:10.1007/s12178-025-09990-7 — Scoping review; identifies only three pilot human studies (intraarticular knee pain, interstitial cystitis, IV safety/PK); no adverse effects reported but rigorous large-scale trials lacking.
• Vasireddi N, Hahamyan H, Salata MJ, Karns M, Calcei JG, Voos JE, Apostolakos JM. Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review. HSS J / Am J Sports Med (SAGE). 2025. doi:10.1177/15563316251355551 — Systematic review; screened 544 articles (1993-2024), 36 included (35 preclinical, 1 clinical human study). Anchoring systematic review for literatureSize.
• Sikiric P, et al. Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing. (Review) PubMed 30915550 — Earlier narrative review of BPC-157 musculoskeletal healing literature.

No registered human trials found for this compound.

Status

No registered trials found

Summary (literature)

No safety data specific to pentadeca arginate have been published in peer-reviewed literature. Safety characterization is inferred entirely from the BPC-157 parent compound: repeat-dose rodent and canine toxicology studies (cited in the compound's regulatory review history) found…

WADA status

Not specifically listed by name on the WADA 2026 Prohibited List, but prohibited at all times under category S0 (Non-Approved Substances) as a pharmacological s…

Dominant research route: Intraperitoneal (IP) dominates the BPC-157 preclinical efficacy literature (rodents, Sikiric/Zagreb group); intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) are the routes characterized in the only formal PK study (Xu et al. 2022, rats and dogs). No route has been studied in a completed controlled human trial.

Single-dose IV pharmacokinetics in rats (n=6) and beagle dogs (n=6) (Xu et al. 2022, Frontiers in Pharmacology)

Bioavailability: IV used as the reference route for absolute bioavailability calculation; 100% by definition. Plasma half-life under 30 minutes reported in the BPC-157 literature review (Vasireddi 2025 systematic review).

IV was the reference compartment in the only published formal PK study of BPC-157; no separate PDA (arginate salt) PK study exists. No human IV data.

Single and repeated IM administration PK in rats (5–120 µg/kg) and beagle dogs (6–150 µg/kg) (Xu et al. 2022)

Bioavailability: Mean absolute bioavailability following IM injection was approximately 14–19% in rats and 45–51% in beagle dogs.

IM is the only parenteral route with published absolute bioavailability numbers for BPC-157; no human IM PK data; no PDA-specific IM study.

IP administration (10 µg/kg, 10 ng/kg, 10 pg/kg once daily) in rat Achilles tendon transection and other injury models (Staresinic 2003; Krivic 2006; Sikiric group, 1993–2024)

Bioavailability: No absolute bioavailability value published for the IP route; IP was the dominant route in the Zagreb group's preclinical efficacy studies.

IP is the most frequently used route in the BPC-157 preclinical efficacy literature (rodents); no human IP use; no PDA-specific IP study.

SC administration reported in some rodent tendon/joint healing studies (typically 10 µg/kg); not part of the formal Xu et al. 2022 PK study

Bioavailability: No published absolute bioavailability value for SC BPC-157; community sources describe SC as the most common injectable route in non-clinical use.

SC appears in preclinical rodent studies and is the most commonly discussed community route, but no controlled PK comparison of SC vs IM/IV has been published; no human SC data.

Oral (in drinking water) administration in rat gut-injury models (Sikiric group); gastric-juice stability assay (Veljaca et al. 1995). No human oral PK study.

Bioavailability: No published absolute oral bioavailability value from a controlled PK study; community sources cite animal-model oral bioavailability estimates of ~30–50%, but the formal Xu et al. 2022 PK study tested only IV and IM, not oral.

Oral route studied for local GI effects in rodents; oral stability (resistance to gastric acid) is documented, but oral systemic absorption/bioavailability is not established in any controlled study. The arginate-salt '1,000× more stable at pH 3.0' claim is an unverified compounding-vendor marketing claim, not published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Topical application (peptide on surgical sponge / direct wound application) in rat wound-healing and burn models (Examine.com research breakdown; Huang et al. 2015 alkali-burn model)

Bioavailability: No systemic bioavailability value; topical route studied for local wound-bed effects (collagen reformation, angiogenesis) in rodents.

Topical/local application studied in rodent wound-healing models; no human topical data; no PDA-specific topical study.

Animal & human figures are kept visibly separate so studied animal doses are never misread as human guidance.

Sorted A–Z by vendor — never by price

Weekly median $/mg from the live vendor crawl.

Researched storefront prices, bucketed

p25 $4.40 · median $4.40 · p75 $4.90 · 5 researched vendors

Legit, COA-backed band: $4.40–$4.90/mg.

Value rule: don't just buy the cheapest — a price under $3/mg is a red flag. Pair price with COA and independent-test grade.

Estimated cost of research (10 mg)

Vial (best researched price)

$13

Bacteriostatic water (generic estimate)

$6

Syringes / supplies (generic estimate)

$12

What each test proves — general guidance, plus this compound's researched purity data

Purity on the current market (researched)

71–99%+ across vendor tiers per independent lab testing: Tier 1 (FDA-registered 503B) BPC-157 purity 98.7%; Tier 2 (established research company) 97.2%; Tier 3 (direct manufacturer) 89.1%; Tier 4 (budget vendor) 71.3%. Finnrick 'Purity focus' standard for BPC-157 is purity 99.5%+ with dose ±35%.

Independent labs cited for this compound

No FDA recall or market withdrawal specific to Pentadeca Arginate (PDA) or BPC-157 branded products was found in the sources retrieved. Enforcement has taken the form of warning letters, import detention, and criminal forfeiture rather than product recalls.

Buyer red-flag checklist

• Unapproved new drug: BPC-157 (and its arginate salt PDA) is not in FDA's Approved Drugs database and cannot be legally prescribed or sold OTC.
• WADA Prohibited List S0 (Non-Approved Substances) — prohibited in-competition for athletes subject to anti-doping testing.
• DoD Prohibited Dietary Supplement Ingredients List (DoDI 6130.06) — Service Members should avoid.
• FDA Category 2 (Sept 2023) cited 'risk for immunogenicity, peptide-related impurities, and limited safety-related information'; compounding prohibited.
• Pentadeca Arginate is not separately named in FDA guidance, bulks list, or import alerts — it exists in a regulatory gray area as a salt variant of BPC-157.
• Grey-market BPC-157 is 'one of the most counterfeited' peptides; low-quality vendors flood the market with underdosed or impure product.
• Budget-tier (Tier 4) independent testing found BPC-157 at 71.3% purity with lead (2.1 ppm) and mercury (0.3 ppm) contamination and endotoxin 8.7 EU/mg.
• Pre-mixed liquid peptides and prices below ~$15–20 for BPC-157 are commonly underdosed per vendor guidance.
• STAT News (Feb 2026): 35 of 36 BPC-157 studies are animal-only, from a single lab with undisclosed conflicts.

GMP vs research-grade: the chemistry (SPPS + HPLC + MS) is identical — the difference is the quality system.

Underdosing / mislabeling: Finnrick Analytics BPC-157 ledger (as of Jun 2026): 200 tests shown, 134 pass, 66 fail, 1 incomplete — a ~33% fail rate across purity/dosage/identity criteria. A separate Janoshik-cited aggregate (The Peptide List, 2024) reported 43% of peptides tested failed to meet label purity claims. Fails include underdosing, impurity, and identity mismatches; budget-tier vendors are disproportionately affected.

• FDA Import Alert 66-41 ('Detention Without Physical Examination of Unapproved New Drugs Promoted In The U.S.') authorizes DWPE of unapproved-drug peptide imports at the border under Section 801 of the FD&C Act. Last revised 19 May 2026. An RUO label does not by itself create an importation exemption; where vendor advertising frames a peptide for human use, promotion can be used as evidence to treat the product as an unapproved new drug. BPC-157/Pentadeca Arginate, having no approved NDA, falls within this scope.66-41
• An RUO label is not an import exemption — CBP judges actual intended use.
• Lyophilized powder is ambient-stable in transit; temperature control needed for > 7-day transit.
• US-warehouse vendors dodge import scrutiny — they cost more but ship more reliably.

Every item dated & sourced

BPC-157 (and by extension Pentadeca Arginate, same active sequence) is prohibited at all times under S0 (Non-Approved Substances) of the WADA Prohibited List, added effective 2022. Not approved for human therapeutic use by any governmental regulatory authority.

No granted patents identified in current seed. Composition-of-matter coverage is limited given the peptide's synthetic origin.

• IACUC / IRB research context
• RUO buyer responsibilities & documentation
• Veterinary / alternative-use where lawful
• Jurisdiction-aware "who may lawfully obtain"

What people discuss

Reported concerns — discussion, not established effects

Reading caveats

• Vendor-affiliated wellness clinics and compounding pharmacies dominate positive discourse
• Most efficacy claims derive from BPC-157 preclinical literature rather than PDA-specific data
• Compounding pharmacy commercial incentive to rebrand around FDA Category 2 restriction
• No peer-reviewed study has investigated pentadeca arginate as a distinct molecule

Manually researched from reddit, youtube, x— theme weights are research estimates, not live counts; aggregated & de-identified. No individual posts, quotes, or usernames are ever shown.

Relative research / market volume — populated once the activity stream is wired

Inline tooltips for lyophilized, RUO, EU/mg, SPPS, 503A and more.

Toggle plain-language ↔ scientific in the header.

• How to read a COA
• Free base vs acetate
• Understanding evidence grades

Arginine salt form of the BPC-157 pentadecapeptide sequence, studied preclinically for tissue repair and angiogenesis; no independent human trial data. Approximately 0 articles are indexed (literature last scanned 2026-05-29). US regulatory status: Research use only; not approved; regulatory status follows BPC-157 precedent post-April 2026 Category 2 removal. Research use only.

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